Healthy Diet: Consume a diet rich in whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats such as omega-3 fatty acids.
Weight Control: Maintain a healthy weight through proper diet and regular exercise to reduce the burden of obesity on the cardiovascular system.
Quit Smoking: Smoking accelerates the process of atherosclerosis; quitting smoking is a crucial step to improve vascular health.
Statins: These medications help lower levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood, slowing plaque growth.
Antiplatelet Drugs: Medications such as aspirin can reduce the risk of clot formation and prevent cardiovascular events.
Antihypertensive Drugs: Controlling high blood pressure reduces stress on blood vessel walls, helping to slow plaque development.
Carotid Endarterectomy: In cases where plaques cause severe stenosis and medication and lifestyle changes are not effective in reducing risks, surgery may be considered.
Carotid Stenting: A stent is placed in the narrowed artery to restore blood flow and reduce the impact of plaques on blood flow.
Diabetes Management: Strict control of blood sugar levels reduces vascular damage caused by high blood sugar.
Hypertension Management: Effective control of blood pressure through medication and lifestyle adjustments reduces stress on blood vessel walls.
By following these measures, carotid plaques can be reduced or stabilized to some extent, lowering the risk of cardiovascular events. It is important to work closely with a doctor to develop a personalized treatment plan and adhere to it consistently.