Functional exercises are an important part of early treatment for ankylosing spondylitis. Patients can enhance their lower back strength and maintain the physiological curvature of the spine through exercises such as radio gymnastics, the Swallow Exercise, chest expansion exercises, and bridge exercises. These exercises also help improve respiratory function, maintain bone density and strength, and prevent osteoporosis and muscle atrophy.
Note: Patients should choose appropriate exercise methods and amounts based on their condition to avoid injury from over-exercising.
Physical therapy such as hot compresses, hot baths, and showers can increase local blood circulation in the affected areas, relax muscles, reduce pain, and improve joint activity to maintain normal function and prevent deformities.
NSAIDs are the first-line choice for early treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, including drugs such as loxoprofen, celecoxib, etoricoxib, and meloxicam. These drugs have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, and can quickly relieve symptoms.
Note: Close monitoring is required during use to observe any adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract.
For peripheral joint involvement such as the shoulders, elbows, knees, and ankles, medications like methotrexate, leflunomide, and sulfasalazine can be used. These drugs can control disease progression and prevent joint deformities.
If oral medications are ineffective, biologics such as tumor necrosis factor antagonists (TNF-α inhibitors) and interleukin-17 antibodies (IL-17 inhibitors) can be considered. These drugs can target and inhibit inflammation in the body, achieving better therapeutic effects.