Nutrition should be balanced and comprehensive. Provide an appropriate amount of high-quality protein. Ensure adequate energy intake to prevent the production of ketone bodies. Ensure the supply of mineral-rich foods, especially those high in calcium, phosphorus, and zinc. Take in an appropriate amount of vitamins, especially B vitamins. Choose fresh, uncontaminated vegetables and fruits to prevent diarrhea and constipation.
Daily energy intake increases compared to the first trimester. Ensure adequate protein intake. Increase fat intake moderately, with fats accounting for 25%-30% of total daily energy. Provide an adequate amount of minerals daily, especially foods high in calcium, phosphorus, and iodine. Increase vitamin intake moderately, especially foods rich in folic acid and vitamin B12. Eat lightly to prevent edema caused by water and sodium retention and reduce the burden on the heart.
This period is the peak time for protein reserves for both the mother and the fetus, so protein intake, especially high-quality protein, should be appropriately increased. Ensure energy supply and limit high-calorie foods such as fats and sugars. Increase foods high in calcium and those that promote calcium absorption. Increase iron-rich animal foods to boost iron intake. Provide sufficient water-soluble vitamins, especially vitamin B1, to prepare for childbirth. Intake adequate amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids to ensure fetal brain development.