In middle-aged and elderly people, especially women, if there are yellow or orange plaques on the surface of the eyelids, slightly raised above the skin, painless and itchy, it is likely xanthelasma. In addition to the upper and lower eyelids, xanthelasma can also appear on the elbows, thighs, and heels.
When xanthelasma appears, it is recommended to seek medical advice promptly and check blood lipid levels to assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, lifestyle changes, including a reasonable diet, moderate exercise, and quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, are necessary.
Liver dysfunction, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, can cause bilirubin accumulation, leading to yellowing of the sclera.
Bilirubin is a metabolic product of hemoglobin. When liver function is abnormal, bilirubin cannot be excreted normally and accumulates in the body.
The conjunctiva of the eye is filled with capillaries, and once these vessels rupture, there will be congestion.
Ophthalmologists remind that usually, conjunctival hemorrhage has no obvious cause. However, if you suffer from severe hypertension or diseases such as thrombocytopenia, the conjunctiva can also become congested. Generally, occasional bloodshot eyes are not cause for excessive worry, as conjunctivitis and staying up late can also cause bloodshot eyes.
Under normal circumstances, the pupils should be symmetrical. If one pupil is larger than the other or one side constricts more slowly or to a lesser extent, it may be an early symptom of stroke, brain tumors, optic nerve tumors, and other conditions.